Overview of excipients commonly used (particularly in oral dosage forms) Role of Key Tablet Excipients Diluents (fillers, bulking agents), Disintegrants, Binders, Lubricants, Glidants Role of Key Liquid/Suspension Excipients Solvents/co-solvents , Buffering agents, Preservatives, Anti-oxidants, Wetting agents, Anti-foaming agents, Thickening agents, Sweetening agents, Flavouring agents, Humectants Drug products contain both drug substance (commonly referred to as active pharmaceutical ingredient or API) and excipients. The resultant biological, chemical and physical properties of the drug product are directly affected by the excipients chosen, their concentration and interactions with the API: Consistency of drug release and bioavailability Stability including protection from degradation Ease of administration Excipients are sub-divided into various functional classifications, depending on the role that they are intended to play in the resultant formulation. Certain excipients can have different functional roles in different formulation types, e.g. lactose; widely used as: a diluent, filler or bulking agent in tablets and capsules a carrier for dry powder inhalation products. In addition, individual excipients can have different grades, types and sources depending on those different functional roles….

Excipients – an overview

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Overview of excipients commonly used (particularly in oral dosage forms)

Role of Key Tablet Excipients

Diluents (fillers, bulking agents), Disintegrants, Binders, Lubricants, Glidants

Role of Key Liquid/Suspension Excipients

Solvents/co-solvents , Buffering agents, Preservatives, Anti-oxidants, Wetting agents, Anti-foaming agents, Thickening agents, Sweetening agents, Flavouring agents, Humectants

Drug products contain both drug substance (commonly referred to as active pharmaceutical ingredient or API) and excipients.
The resultant biological, chemical and physical properties of the drug product are directly affected by the excipients chosen, their concentration and interactions with the API:
- Consistency of drug release and bioavailability
- Stability including protection from degradation
- Ease of administration
Excipients are sub-divided into various functional classifications, depending on the role that they are intended to play in the resultant formulation.
Certain excipients can have different functional roles in different formulation types,

e.g. lactose; widely used as:
- a diluent, filler or bulking agent in tablets and capsules
- a carrier for dry powder inhalation products.

In addition, individual excipients can have different grades, types and sources depending on those different functional roles….